| Manuel María Lombardini | |
|---|---|
21st President of Mexico |
|
| In office 8 February 1853 – 20 April 1853 |
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| Preceded by | Juan Bautista Ceballos |
| Succeeded by | Antonio López de Santa Anna |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 23 July 1802 Mexico City |
| Died | 22 December 1853 (aged 51) Mexico City |
| Nationality | Mexican |
| Political party | Conservative |
Manuel José María Ignacio Lombardini de la Torre (23 July 1802 – 22 December 1853) was a Mexican general and politician who supported Antonio López de Santa Anna. From 8 February 1853 to 20 April 1853 he served as president of Mexico.
He joined the army at age 12, enlisting as a cadet in the Company of Patriots of Tacubaya during the Mexican War of Independence. After the war he retired from the army, but returned in 1832.
In 1836 he fought in the Texas War, where he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and in 1838 in the Pastry War against France. In 1847, during the United States invasion, he gained fame at the Battle of La Angostura. Also in 1847 he was given the military command of the state of Querétaro. In 1849 he became commander of the army (jefe de la plana mayor del ejército). In 1853, now a brigadier, he received command of the state of Mexico.
In 1853 he took part in the revolt of Jalisco against General Mariano Arista, who was serving as president. Juan Bautista Ceballos occupied the presidency briefly, and then transferred power to Lombardini, as provisional president.
As president, he improved the roads to Veracruz and Acapulco and regulated navigation on Lake Chalco. He founded the school of engineering at the Academia de San Carlos.
Lombardini served from 8 February 1853 to 20 April 1853, when Santa Anna returned to the presidency from exile in Jamaica. Santa Anna named him commander of the garrison of Mexico City, where he would die a few months later, in December.
In 1814 he was part of a realistic militia known as the Patriots of Tacubaya." Americans fought in the war of 1847. Executive Branch was instructed to await the arrival of Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. During his tenure, he wrote a famous Alaman letter that established the principles that should underpin the political project of conservatives. Lombardini approved the reasoning of Ala and prepared an electoral charade to legitimize the return of the leader. He gave also some administrative arrangements, a judge summarily law and order offenders to schools in Mexico City were taught Christian doctrine. Before handing over power, Lombardini issued a decree by which Santa Anna appointed "Captain General of sea and land, with absolute powers." Shortly afterwards he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Army and Commanding General, position he held when he died.